Forging can be used to apply beneficial changes to the grain structure of metals. Forging can produce moderately complex shapes in parts that are up to 3 ft. lengths to enable their transport by a trailer.įorging uses hydraulic die sets or open dies and hammers to plastically deform usually hot metal into net shapes, oftentimes starting with a rough approximation of the finished shape called a blocked preform. Tubing manufacturing typically uses a mandrel in addition to a die to produce a hollow cross-section. Extrusion is one such process, where ductile metals such as copper and aluminum are forced through dies to produce common shapes such as copper tubing or aluminum angles. Metal deformation is used to transform bulk materials in the form of billets, blooms, and slabs as they come from a mill into other shapes such as pipe or bars. This article will concern itself with the following processes. Generalizing again, manufacturing processes can be thought of in terms of primary and secondary processes, where primary processes are used in creating basic forms and secondary processes are used to alter or add features to these forms. ![]() Obviously, this is a gross simplification in that just about every product-from hot dogs to circuit boards-goes through a series of manufacturing steps that transform it from its constituent ingredients. This article limits its look at manufacturing processes to the transformation of metals and plastics into usable forms. Manufacturing processes create finished goods from various raw materials.
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